By Talieh Rohani on October 14, 2008 11:37 PM
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I recently moderated a blog discussion with Phillip Cunio for Mitchel Resnick's Teaching For Creative Learning class. Together we summarized NML white paper and came up with questions that we thought were relevant to concerns of Mitch's group, Life Long Kindergarten, in relation to education and specifically in response to the tool that they developed to encourage programming among children. Scratch is a new programming language that makes it easy to create interactive stories and share it on the web. It is designed to help children (ages 8 and up) to develop 21st century learning skills.
As they create Scratch projects, young people learn important
mathematical and computational ideas, while also gaining a deeper
understanding of the process of design--Scratch Website
Here you can read our initial blog post for Teaching for Creative Learning Class:
New Media Literacies (NML) refer to social skills and cultural
competencies that young people need to acquire to become fully engaged
in what Henry Jenkins defines as participatory culture.
Participatory culture stresses the role of people as creators,
circulators, connectors and collaborators, rather than simply consumers
of media. Present-day teenagers are an excellent example of members of
a participatory culture, as they often maintain blogs, have MySpace
pages, play online multiplayer games, and otherwise join in.
The skills, summarized in the white paper, are the things that students
need to learn to become the creative artists and decisions makers of
the future. They are skills that connect people to each other at
something larger than individual levels. They are skills that involve
creative expressions and allow people to talk and share their ideas
with each other.
An explosion of new media technologies has made it easier for everyone
to share and express themselves through nearly every possible media
channel. However, as explained in the white paper, there are challenges
and gaps involved, against which educators need to develop activities
for children to develop these competencies.
The NML white paper suggests that the three major problems are the
participatory gap, the transparency problem and the ethics challenge.
Essentially, not enough children have access to the sorts of media that
they need, and won't become sufficiently familiar with it to interact
fully with the world of tomorrow; students have trouble understanding
the biases and assumptions inherent in any media, and may tend to
accept new media without sufficient questioning; and people in general
will become widely visible to everyone through new media without being
trained for it.
Here are some examples of questions to think about:
1) How could educators reduce the participation gap among children
(inequalities in young people's access to new media technologies and
the opportunities for participation they represent)? Furthermore, how
can educators address the "fluency gap," where even those who have
access to new media may not be accustomed to them or able to create and
express using them?
2) How could new media literacies help children acquire skills to
articulate what they learn from their participation? How can children
be encouraged to reflect more critically on what they learn from
participating, especially when one of the signs of a participatory
culture is encouragement from the community?
3) How could we help children develop ethical norms needed to cope with
a complex and diverse social environment online in a world in which the
line
between consumers and producers is blurring? What are potential
sources of these ethical norms?
4) What can educators of new media literacies do to reduce the phobia
among parents and foundations in this moment of transition in which
teens are engaged in circulating and distributing content without the
supervision of adults?
5) How do you think each of the 12 skill definitions should be
modified? Do you think they fully address the goal that Project NML is
aiming for? Based on your personal or professional experience, how
would you recommend the definitions of new media literacies be
modified? Would you recommend restructuring of the 12 skill definitions
in any way, say, by adding a hierarchy or combining some together?
6) How do you think tools such as scratch can come to help children
acquire these skills? What advantages, if any, do new media in general
have in teaching new media literacies to children?